In CBT, a schema refers to a deeply ingrained cognitive framework or belief system that shapes how individuals interpret and respond to the world. Schemas can be positive or negative, and they often influence automatic thoughts and cognitive distortions. Negative schemas, such as those related to self-worth or relationships, can lead to distorted thinking and contribute to mental health issues like anxiety and depression. In therapy, individuals work to identify and challenge harmful schemas, gradually replacing them with more adaptive and constructive beliefs.
